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fied not by their *#tlzqm7 music form but by their social function. One was the sonata da chiesa, or church sonata (with a slow introduction, a loosely fugal allegro, a cantabile slow movement, and a melodic "binary" finale), the other was the sonata da camera, or chamber sonata mainly of dance tunes. A classical style was foreshadowed in the solo sonatas for keyboard instru- ments of Domenico Scarlatti (1685-1757) and Carl Phillip Emanuel Bach(1714-1788).The term "symphony" and its variants were first used in the seventeenth century simply for the various forms ofinstrumental music. But it came to be used mainly for the Italian opera overture of three movements red pumps (fast, slow, fast). These overtures began to be played in concerts apart from their operas. Meanwhile the three-movement (or four-movement) symphony for orchestra became a form all its own for the pumps blue classical symphony, quite separate from the overture, with a unique dignity. '[Symphony" now came to mean a sonata for orchestra. It would have been impossible without the new wealth Supra Women christian louboutin alti Skytop red black of musical instruments. In Western Europe the practice began, about the fifteenth century, ofbuilding whole "families" ofinstruments. A typical family, like the shawms(double-reed woodwind instruments), would be made in instruments from the smallest to the largest size. The social role of music was revealed by the fact that instruments were differentiated mainly into haut (loud) and bas (soft). Loud instruments were for outdoor music and soft were for more intimate, usually indoor, occasions. The shawm came to be known as the hautbois (loud wood), which left its trace on the modern version of this same instrument, the oboe (a correct transcription of how the French word was pronounced in the eighteenth century). A clue to the newly flourishing technology of musical instruments was the piano. "Pianoforte" (later abbreviated to "piano") first appears in En- glish about 1767. An abbreviation of piano e forte, meaning "soft and strong," "pianoforte" named a new instrument that, unlike the harpsi- chord, could vary its tone. The harpsichord could only be plucked. But the sound of the piano was made by hammers operated from a keyboard and striking metal strings. The varying force of the hammer, controlled by